Abstract

Introduction

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Disclaimer

One should keep in mind that the current opinion in Europe may differ from the one in Australia or in the U.S. Having an international readership, it might be difficult to satisfy everybody with the given answers or the suggestions for additional reading. In order to assure the accuracy of this section, all the questions and especially the answers will be reviewed by several international members of the editorial board. Nevertheless, it is difficult to ensure that all the information given is entirely accurate for all circumstances. The publishers disclaim any liability, loss, or damage occurred as consequence, directly or indirectly, of the use and application of any of the content of this section.

Question 1

What does this electrocardiogram show?

Question 2

Question 3

How are the 2 typical approaches for internal jugular vein cannulation called?

Answer 1

This EKG shows a 2nd degree AV-Block (Wenckebach) Mobitz type I

Answer 2

The chest X-ray shows a knotted pulmonary artery catheter in the right ventricle.

Cardiac surgery was necessary to remove this PA catheter (shown in image below)

The knotted pulmonary catheter after removal from the right ventricle:

Answer 3

1. The high or anterior approach (blue mark in image)

2. The low or central approach (red mark in image)